Introducing Flora, Life Forms and Geographical Distribution of Invasive Weeds under Ardabil Plain
Ardavan
Ghorbani
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
Ali
Teimoorzadeh
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
Amir Hossein
Kavianpoor
دانشگاه گرگان
author
Hamidreza
Mohammaddoost Chamanabad
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
Jaber
Sharifi Niaragh
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل
author
Farzaneh
Azimi Motem
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اردبیل
author
Mikaiel
BaderZadeh
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
text
article
2015
per
Identification of weed or invasive flora has special role in the adaption of suitable strategies for optimum control of weeds, yield improvement of agricultural production and thus improving economic efficiency. Study of Ardabil plain invasive weeds based on the fieldworks, specimens were collected and transfred to the herbarum and identified. Results showed that from the identified plant species, 182 species grow at the irrigated, rainfed and and edge of those lands as weeds which belong to 31 families and 129 genera. Among them, Poaceae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae and Lamiaceae families have the highest frequency. Among the identified weed species 35.68% (65 species) have medicinal values. The life forms of the identified species using Raunkiaer's method were Therophytes (Th) with 64.84% (118 species) and Hemicryptophytes (He) with 28.57% (52 species), which are the dominant lifeforms. From the crotype perspective, the most of the species belong to Irano Turanean and then Euro- Siberian, and Mediteranian regions. According to the IUCN categories and red data book of Iran, species were classified and finally, 6 endemic species and 10 low risk and data deficiency species were identified. By considering these results, struggling and eliminating invader species will not create disruption from the environmental perspectives.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
1
15
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_299_392187062350a14ae384e0f63bb0668b.pdf
The Effect of Ascorbat and Methanol Foliar Application on Defense Mechanisms, Seed and Oil Yield of Nigella Sativa L. Subjected to Water Deficit Stress
Mojtaba
Baradaran Firouzabadi
دانشگاه آزاد کرج
author
Mehdi
Baradaran Firouzabadi
دانشگاه شاهرود
author
Mahdieh
Parsaeian
دانشگاه شاهرود
author
text
article
2015
per
Nowadays, the foliar application of some substances such as ascorbate and methanol is discussed in order to reduce the negative effects of various stresses. In order to examine the effect of these materials on defense mechanisms and seed and oil yield of Nigella sativa L., a split plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with three replications at Shahrood University in 2011. The main factor was two irrigation levels (no stress and severe stress) and sub factors were foliar application of methanol in three levels (0, 15 and 30 %V) and ascorbic acid in three levels (0, 10 and 20 mM). The results indicated that seed yield was decreased by water deficit stress significantly. However, the increasing in methanol foliar concentration increased the seed yield in both stress and non-stress conditions. Methanol treatment in stress conditions was improved the amount of seed oil content considerably. The highest seed oil percentage was obtained from 8 days irrigation and 15 volume percentage of methanol. The water deficit stress conditions caused the highest activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme and the amount of malondialdehyde. Foliar application of ascorbic acid increased the content of ascorbate peroxidase and catalase enzymes nevertheless; hydrogen peroxide was decreased by this treatment. This is despite the fact that superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide were reduced by methanol leaf application.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
17
29
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_300_d71e36c064ae97f4a74dcb5613d6fb39.pdf
Effects of Tillage Management on Quantitative and Qualitative Yield of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
Abdollah
Javanmard
دانشگاه مراغه
author
Kaiwan
Fotouhi
ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی میاندوآب
author
Hamid
Mustafavi
دانشگاه مراغه
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to investigate the effects of several tillage methods on quantitative and qualitative yield of sugar beet, a field experiment was carried out based on RCB design with four treatments and 4 replications in Miandoab Agricultural and Natural Resources Station during three growing seasons (2010-2012). Treatments were moldboard plowing at 15-20 cm depth, moldboardplowing at 25-30 cm depth, chisel plowing at 25-30 cm depth, sub soiling at 35-40 cm depth plus moldboard plowing at 15-20 soil depth with the same secondary tillage practices including disk and leveler for all treatments. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics such as root yield, green cover percent, shoot biomass, gross sugar content, white sugar yield, K, Na, alpha-amino nitrogen and molasses sugar content were measured. The results showed that different tillage had significant effect on shoot growth only at the early stages of growth, but had not significant effect at later stages of sugar beet. Effect of different tillage methods was significant on root yield, gross sugar content and yield, white sugar percent and yield. The highest sugar yield (7.63 tons per hectare) belonged to sub soiling at 35-40 cm depth+ moldboard plowing at 15-20 cm depth treatment. There were no significant differences between tillage treatments in terms of alpha-amino nitrogen, sodium and potassium. Conclusively, for the preparing of suitable seedbed for sugar beet cultivation, deep tillage be practiced by moldboard at 25-30 cm depth and if there is a hard layer, sub-soiling must be used to increase the yield and quality.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
31
42
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_301_0ecd3f9f52b2078edf4b051922f00616.pdf
Effect of Foliar Application of Sucrose, Boron, Potassium Nitrate and Salicylic Acid on Yield and Yield Components of Tomato var. Super A
Ayoub
Ghorbani Dehkordi
دانشگاه گرگان
author
Kambiz
Mashayekhi
دانشگاه گرگان
author
Behnam
Kamkar
دانشگاه گرگان
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to study the effects of foliar application of sucrose boron, potassium nitrate and salicylic acid on yield and yield components of tomato, a four replicated, factorial arranged RCB design experiment was conducted in Daland industrial agricultural farm, in Golestan province during 2013. In this study, the first factor was foliar application of sucrose at four levels (0, 5, 10 and 15%) and the second factor was the combination of boron as boric acid, potassium nitrate and salicylic acid at four levels (0, 0.2% boron, 0.2% boron + 1.9 % potassium nitrate and 0.2% boron + 1.9 % potassium nitrate + 0.013 % salicylic acid). The first foliar application was treated 20 days after transplanting and was repeated every 15 days (seven times foliar application). The results showed that some quantitative traits such as fresh and dry weight of aerial parts were not significant and the highest fresh and dry weight of underground parts was attributed to the control. The highest values related to some qualitative traits such as leaf area, average yield per harvest and ratio of fertilized to non- fertilized flowers were related to presence of boron. Finally, 0.2% boron was selected as the best treatments in respect to obtaining the highest yield and 15% sucrose+ 0.2% boron was selected as the best treatments in respect to obtaining the highest size and weight of the fruit for fresh consumption, respectively.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
43
52
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_302_fc3f309dc53f662e48cf13ad42635930.pdf
Effect of Control Stages on Ecological Indices for Weeds in Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) Field affected by Planting Dates in Shirvan
Surur
Khorramdel
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
Abdollah
Mollafilabi
دانشگاه آزاد تربت جام
author
Ghadrieh
Mahmoodi
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
author
Leila
Jafari
دانشگاه هرمزگان
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to evaluate the effects of planting dates and weed management time at different growth stages of dill on species diversity trends for weeds based on diversity indices, an experiment was performed as factorial layout based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, Shirvan College during growing season of 2011-2012. Treatments were four planting dates (22nd December, 21st January, 20th February and 20th March) and three weed control stages including the first true leaf, start of branching and beginning of flowering stages of dill. Weed samplings were done at three growth stages of dill before hand weeding. The results showed that the weeds affected by planting dates and control stages. So, broad leaves (13 weed species) with annual cycle (12 weed species) and C3 (16 weed species) were dominant. The highest relative frequencies for the first, second and third sampling stages were calculated in monk’s rhubarb (16.53%), corbcille (23.53%) and lamb’s-quarters (28.75%), respectively. All weed species had sustainable coefficient less than 25% for the first and the second stages. At the first sampling stage, dominant coefficient was 0.444-0.952% and these ranges were 0.626-2.789 and 0.958-1.698% for the first and the second sampling stages, respectively.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
53
65
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_303_fcd2965f7e5becef0c3f00532ac7ef24.pdf
Impact of Foliar Application of Nano-Iron on Fe Use Efficiency in Sugar beet
Alireza
Pirzad
دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Mahmood
Mazlomi
دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Behnaz
Saadat
دانشگاه ارومیه
author
Mohammad
Sedghi
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to investigate the effects of different amounts of iron (1, 2 and 3 g L-1) in different stages of plant growth (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent of ground cover for Beta vulgaris cv. AZARE) on the efficiency of iron consumption a factorial experiment conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Farm of Azar Ghand Naqadeh Factory in 2011. Analysis of variance showed the significant interaction effect of iron × foliar spraying time on the Fe Use Efficiency (FeUE) for production of leaf protein, aerial parts protein, root dry weight, biomass and sugar yield. The highest FeUE for leaf protein (568) was obtained from 1 g L-1 at 40% of ground cover. While, the highest FeUE for aerial parts protein (1080), root dry weight (41769), biomass (98009) and sugar yield (128152) were observed in Nano-iron foliar application (1 g L-1) at 80% of ground cover. Reduction in FeUE along with higher concentration of iron spraying indicated low diminishing returns for this micro nutrient.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
67
75
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_304_3ab666df93bb81e7cab234b585289722.pdf
The Effect of Heavy Metals on Some of Amino Acids, Soluble Sugars Content and Total Protein in Two Wheat Cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.)
Seyede Yalda
Raeesi sadati
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
Soodabeh
Jahanbakhsh Godekahriz
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
text
article
2015
per
Heavy metals, by accumulation in soil and uptake by plants, inter into food chain and causes toxicity in the plants and consumers of these plants. Cadmium and mercury are two dangerous and carcinogenic substances that their amounts is increasing in natural ecosystems through human activities resulting in decreased proteins production, interfering with variety of reactions and cell functions and cessation of cell growth and development and in general is a great treat to agriculture. For this purpose, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted in greenhouse of Mohaghegh university of Ardabil in 1391. The experiment consisted of mercuric chloride treatments (with concentrations of 10 and 20µM), cadmium chloride treatment (0.5 mM), interaction between cadmium and mercury in two levels (10 µM of mercury with 0.5 mM of cadmium, 20 µM of mercury with 0.5 mM of cadmium) and control seedlings. The results showed that the interaction of both heavy metals leads to an increase in soluble sugar, total protein, proline, lysine and methionine in the Gonbad, but in Tajan cultivar was reduced. According to the plant defense system to reduce the damage caused by various stresses, it seems that the increase in metabolites involved in defense system including soluble sugar, protein and amino acids proline, lysine and methionine in the dome can help increase resistance to stress this figure. In Overall, the Gonbad is resistant varieties as well as possibly susceptible Tajan that is according to the results of other mechanisms for tolerance has used.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
85
95
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_319_de43ac234ee16bc3a58fabba5ca09107.pdf
Effect of Applying Different Concentrations of Salicylic Acid on Castor Bean Seed Production under Drought Stress
Zahra
Izadi
دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشگاه شهرکرد
author
Hashem
Hadi
دانشگاه ارومیه
author
text
article
2015
per
Regarding the role of Castor bean in different industries, to evaluate the effect of drought stress and foliar application of salicylic acid an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Traits studied were number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100 seed weight, biological yield, and grain yield and harvest index. Results showed that different concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 250 and 500 μM) causes a significant difference in the number of seeds per plant, 100 seed weight, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index. According to the results, salicylic acid, in control and mild stress conditions, could produce 1450 and 1150 kg ha-1 average grain yield, respectively which was more compared to no foliar application (800 kg ha-1). In conditions of severe stress, salicylic acid levels did not show significant differences in grain yield, although 250 μM of salicylic acid produced 750 kg ha-1 grain yield which had no significant difference with no salicylic acid and no stress condition. This means that salicylic acid not only increased grain yield in control and moderate stress, but also prevented the loss of the castor bean yield in severe stress condition.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
97
104
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_330_3bfc780309de63b69a7d9b5731dd0084.pdf
Winter Cold Effects on the Quantity and Quality of Canola Cultivars in Zanjan
Khalil
Peyman
مدیر جهاد کشاورزی ماه نشان
author
Daryoush
Taghavi
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
text
article
2015
per
In order to study the effects of cold on the quantity and quality characteristics of 21 cultivars of canola a field experiment was carried out at Research Center of Zanjan in 2006 based on randomized complete block design with 4 repetitions. In order to identify the best cultivare in the point of view of resistence to cold, agronomic characters like grain yield, oil content, 1000-seed weight, number of subsidiary stalk, height of shrub and growing before starting cold of winter have been studied. Results showed that the highest grain yield was related to Modena and ARC-91004 with 3624 and 3613 kg ha-1, respectively. The highest oil content was observed in Sw.0756 cultivare which had acceptable grain yield. Considering traits related to cold tolerance in area Modena cultivare had appropriate growth before winter.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
105
112
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_368_a11119121e2e263687037129f122886c.pdf
The Impact of Weed Competition on Some of the Sunflower Growth Parameters (Helianthus annuus L.) under Three Nitrogen Levels
Afshar
Azadbakht
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
Sohrab
Mahmoodi
دانشگاه بیرجند
author
Seyyed Vahid
Eslami
دانشگاه بیرجند
author
Mohammad Taghi
Alebrahim
دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
author
text
article
2015
per
For evaluation of weed competition and different nitrogen levels interaction on some growth traits of sunflower a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with 24 treatments and 3 replications in research farm of college of agriculture of Birjand University in 2010. The main factor was 3 levels of nitrogen (0, 100 and 200 Kg ha-1) and the sub factor was different weed competition periods containing of 3 levels of weed free, 3 levels of weed infested until phonological stages of two leaf (V2), four leaf) V4) and head visible stage of sunflower (VR) with 2 control (all season weed free and weed infested) treatments. The results showed that the power of competition of weeds with sunflower increased with the application of nitrogen fertilizer up to the level of 100 Kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer consumption, but increases of nitrogen more than this level can be favor for sunflower. The main weeds were barnyard grass, bindweed, common mallow, red root pigweed, common lamb squarters and hoary cress. Increasing the period of weed competition, increased their dry weight but reduced their density. Nitrogen could also significantly increase biological yield, height, head diameter, head dry weight and seed yield of the sunflower, but the intensity of this increase was influenced by weed competition :Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: EN-US;mso-bidi-language:FA'>کاربرد نیتروژن نیز توانست عملکرد بیولوژیک، ارتفاع، قطر طبق، وزن خشک طبق و عملکرد دانه آفتابگردان را به طور معنی­داری افزایش دهد، ولی شدت این افزایش تحت تاثیر رقابت علف­های هرز قرار گرفت.
Research in Crop Ecosystems
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
2382-9923
2
v.
1
no.
2015
113
121
https://rce.uma.ac.ir/article_477_b67cbedd9ff9ef90f7c50d013d0e3e8b.pdf